A Review on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesels as Alternative Fuel: The Future Trend

Abstract

The industrialization has significantly increased the world’s energy usage. In the future fossil fuels will not be capable to fulfill energy needs as its depleting and consumption is increasing day by day. Hence there is a need for some original cleaner and environmentally friendly fuels. Considering all these things in mind, there is a need for an alternative fuel to overcome this gap. Biodiesel has wide
acceptance as an alternative resource. Most of the researchers have defined trans-esterification as one of the processes for the production of biodiesel. Biodiesel is obtained by trans-esterifying the triglycerides with methanol. Some renewable energy sources are the trend for the future need for energy. Biodiesel is considered to be potential alternating fuel that can be obtained from sources like sunflower, cottonseed, soybean which can replace conventional fuel. In this paper, a review of the current status of vegetable oils, biofuel, and its potential in terms of performance as a possible substitute for diesel fuel is presented. In the case of performance, it is observed that the energy utilization factors of the blends were similar to conventional fuel. It is also proved from experimental
data that biodiesel fuels like soybean, vegetable oil resulted in a reduction of emission due to more oxygenated fuel.