Design of Catalytic Converter in Automobile Vehicles

Abstract

Automobile pollution is one of the major problems of most country in the world. A catalytic converter is a device that converts more toxic exhaust gas pollutants into relatively less-toxic pollutants. The catalytic converter was effective and consistent for reducing noxious tailpipe emissions so that it was developed for use in trucks, buses, cars, motorcycles, and other construction equipped. There are different types of catalysts used for automobile exhaust gas treatment like noble metal and base metals oxide catalysts etc. The emissions and efficiency of vehicles is generally depending upon the air-fuel ratio. The control techniques for exhaust gas emissions are engine modifications, fuel pretreatment, fuel additives, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) and an application of catalytic converters. The automobile exhaust pollution control is generally one of the serious environmental concerns in the world. A catalytic converter is an emission control device that converts toxic gases produced from the exhaust of an internal combustion engine and converted into less-toxic pollutants. The performances of catalytic converter are highly depending upon the types of catalysts was used and to regulate the pollution emitted from two-wheelers and four-wheelers vehicles by the Bharat Stage Emission Standard.