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A review on microcontroller its classification and functioning

Shubham yadav

Abstract


An MCU, or microcontroller, is a tiny computer that is housed on a single VLSI integrated circuit (IC) chip (microcontroller unit). A microcontroller is made up of memory, programmable input/output peripherals, and one or more CPUs (processor cores). Along with a tiny amount of RAM, on-chip programme memory frequently also includes ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash, or OTP ROM Unlike the microprocessors found in personal computers and other devices made up of numerous discrete chips, microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications. Microcontrollers are equipped with all necessary microcomputer parts, including a CPU, RAM, ROM/EPROM, I/O lines, and more. A/D converters, serial ports, pulse width modulation, DMA channels, and other specialised hardware are found in some single-chip microcontrollers. A microcontroller can be utilised as an embedded system because it is a self-contained unit having a processor, memory, and peripherals. The bulk of microcontrollers in use today are integrated into other pieces of equipment including cars, phones, appliances, and computer peripherals. There are typically several to many general-purpose input/output pins included in microcontrollers (GPIO).


Keywords


: microcontrollers, memory, anti-lock brake system, Serial port, analogue

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