Biofuel as a Surrogate Fuel to Mineral Oil: A Review

Abstract

Due to the increase in global energy demands and the necessity of alternate clean fuels and energy, the need for biofuels have drastically increased. Diminishing fuels takes place in the outgoing gases from internal combustion engines; considerable attention has been made to biofuel manufacturing into mineral oil. Biodiesel is an eco-friendly, surrogate diesel fuel prepared from domicile reusable resources i.e. made from vegetable oils. Various chemical modification methods to produce biodiesel namely esterification, hydrogenation etc are experimented from researchers. Methods mainly changes on the type of variables such as fatty-acid mixture and the free fatty-acid content of the mineral oil. Other variables include reaction temperature, ratio of alcohol to vegetable oil, catalyst, mixing intensity, purity of reactants. Nowadays lot of researches are made to focus more on the production of biodiesel using edible oils but the use of non-edible oil for biodiesel production has contributed because the cost for its production is mere less. Biodiesel As a fuel, researchers shows an improvement in the performance of engine and less output in emissive characteristics.